Resistant starch supplementation alters the gut microbial consortium and attenuates kidney inflammation in an experimental model of autoimmune vasculitis

Abstract Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV) is a rare autoimmune disease with suboptimal treatment options which contribute to morbidity and mortality. The characteristic pathological feature severe inflammation induced by neutrophils causes life threatening damage the small blood vessels of kidney. Neutrophil activity influenced microbial metabolites, including short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced from fermentation non-digestible carbohydrates gut microbiota. We utilised well-established mouse model AAV. Mice were randomised receive either control diet or supplemented 15% resistant starch (RS) (n=8 per group). At day 20, mice culled kidneys removed assess injury. Glomerular neutrophil macrophage infiltration assessed immunohistochemistry. Cecal contents collected, DNA extracted V1-V2 hypervariable region amplified using 27F 338R universal primers intervention significantly reduced segmental necrosis in glomeruli (77.63 ± 7.2 % vs 25.59± 4.5 p/gcs, p < 0.0001) (1.3 0.37per glomerular cross section (p/gcs) 0.4 0.3p/gcs, (1.6± 0.3 p/gcs 0.08 into glomeruli. altered microbiota consortium was substantial expansion Bacteroidaceae Muribaculaceae both SCFA producing bacteria. This first report therapeutic efficacy experimental data represents promising avenue limit kidney injury